Children frequently suffer from nocturnal enuresis, but its pathophysiology is still poorly understood. Nocturnal polyuria, nocturnal bladder dysfunction, and sleep disorders are all recognized as major pathways, but their interrelationships remain elusive. It’s possible that NE is greatly influenced by the autonomic nervous system, which is also involved in sleep and diuresis. Articles reporting on the role of the autonomic nervous system in enuretic children regarding regulation, cardiovascular function, and diuresis-related hormones and neurotransmitters were identified through a comprehensive electronic search of the Medline database. Based on inclusion criteria published between, of an initial total of were ultimately selected for data extraction. Ten of these studies reported on cardiovascular functions, 12 on hormones and neurotransmitters associated with ANS, and one on sleep regulation. Parasympathetic or sympathetic overstimulation in enuretic patients suggests that ANS dysregulation may be the cause of NE.Patients with overactive bladder experience non-rapid eye movement-related enuretic episodes, which could be linked to parasympathetic stimulation, whereas polyuria-enuretic children sleep for longer periods of time with rapid eye movement, pointing to sympathetic overactivity.While heart rate analysis revealed parasympathetic hyper function, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring revealed phenomenon that suggested sympathetic involvement. Polyuria children with NE have lower nocturnal levels of arginine-vasopressin than non-polyuria children and controls, and dopamine and serotonin may play a role in sleep and urination, suggesting that ANS-associated hormones and neurotransmitters play a role in the pathogenesis of NE.

With Regards,
Sara Giselle
Associate Managing Editor
Global  Journal of Digestive Diseases