In this study methanolic (MeOH) extracts of these four plants were partitioned with various solvents of different to obtain fractions. The fractions first subjected to phytochemical analysis followed by evaluation of their antioxidant potential by measuring the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging potential and Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) potential. After this the selected fractions were tested in vitro to determine their protective effect against H2O2 induced haemolysis and lipid peroxidation in human RBCs. The study demonstrated a strong antioxidant potential of the ethyl acetate fraction of C. anthelminticum and O. latifolia as evident from high phenolic and flavonoid content and strong free radical scavenging activity. Further, the results also show a strong relation between the total phenolics and flavonoid content and antioxidant activity as demonstrated by the selected plant fractions. The fractions also protected membrane integrity resulting in a reduction of RBC haemolysis and lipid peroxidation during artificially induced oxidative stress. The results also provide scientific evidence to support the folk medicinal utilization of these plants for the treatment of various ailments and may offer new possibilities in the therapy of pathological conditions related to generation of free radicals.

Use of plants as a source of medicine has been an ancient practice and is an important component of the health care system in India. Various plant extracts and oils have been shown to possess antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, insecticidal and antioxidant properties. Many such plant extracts are being widely used by local medical practitioners. However, in most of the cases systematic inclusive investigations involving chemists and biologists have not been organized. Though bioactivity guided fractionation is the most widely used approach, but wiser approach could be to investigate each fraction methodically. Moreover, these bioactive fractions have hardly been evaluated against target specific study or in vivo studies. Hence, these lacuna need to be cared urgently to develop new drugs that are safe and effective antioxidants.Erythrocytes have been the subject of a wide range of investigation involving oxidative stress due to high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Oxidative damage to erythrocytes is manifested as increased haemolysis and lipid peroxidation. It has been suggested by various researchers that phytocompounds can protect erythrocytes or can even increase their resistance towards artificially generated oxidative stress as in exposure to H2O2 or exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs used during treatment of cancer.

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American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics
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